But the difficulties occur con verso new principality

Con doing so I will keep esatto the order indicated above, and discuss how such principalities are esatto be ruled and preserved

I will leave out all discussion on republics, inasmuch as per another place I have written of them at length, and will address myself only preciso principalities.

I say at once there are fewer difficulties con holding hereditary states, and those long accustomed sicuro the family of their prince, than new ones; for it is sufficient only not esatto transgress the customs of his ancestors, and preciso deal prudently Ricerca profilo smooch with circumstances as they arise, for per prince of average powers onesto maintain himself mediante his state, unless he be deprived of it by some extraordinary and enflee force; and if he should be so deprived of it, whenever anything sinister happens onesto the usurper, he will regain it.

We have in Italy, for example, the Duke of Ferrara, who could not have withstood the attacks of the Venetians in ’84, nor those of Pope Julius sopra ’10, unless he had been long established durante his dominions. For the hereditary prince has less cause and less necessity preciso offend; hence it happens that he will be more loved; and unless extraordinary vices cause him preciso be hated, it is reasonable onesto expect that his subjects will be naturally well disposed towards him; and con the antiquity and duration of his rule the memories and motives that make for change are lost, for one change always leaves the toothing for another.

CHAPTER III. CONCERNING MIXED PRINCIPALITIES

And firstly, if it be not entirely new, but is, as it were, per member of per state which, taken collectively, may be called composite, the changes arise chiefly from an inherent difficulty which there is sopra all new principalities; for men change their rulers willingly, hoping onesto better themselves, and this hope induces them preciso take up arms against him who rules: wherein they are deceived, because they afterwards find by experience they have gone from bad esatto worse. This follows also on another natural and common necessity, which always causes a new prince preciso burden those who have submitted sicuro him with his soldiery and with infinite other hardships which he must put upon his new acquisition.

In this way you have enemies per all those whom you have injured con seizing that principality, and you are not able sicuro keep those friends who put you there because of your not being able sicuro satisfy them durante the way they expected, and you cannot take strong measures against them, feeling bound to them. For, although one may be very strong mediante armed forces, yet per entering a province one has always need of the goodwill of the natives.

For these reasons Louis the Twelfth, King of France, quickly occupied Milan, and as quickly lost it; and puro turn him out the first time it only needed Lodovico’s own forces; because those who had opened the gates puro him, finding themselves deceived con their hopes of future benefit, would not endure the ill-treatment of the new prince. It is very true that, after acquiring rebellious provinces a second time, they are not so lightly lost afterwards, because the prince, with little reluctance, takes the opportunity of the rebellion onesto punish the delinquents, onesto clear out the suspects, and esatto strengthen himself durante the weakest places. Thus onesto cause France sicuro lose Milan the first time it was enough for the Duke Lodovico sicuro raise insurrections on the borders; but to cause him esatto lose it verso second time it was necessary onesto bring the whole world against him, and that his armies should be defeated and driven out of Italy; which followed from the causes above mentioned.